Some stainless steels contain nickel and some contain almost none. Austenitic grades like 304 and 316L typically hold 8-14% nickel, which stabilises their structure; duplex grades use less, while ferritic and martensitic grades contain little or none. Nickel adds ductility, toughness and high-temperature performance, but it is also the main reason nickel-bearing grades cost more.
Which stainless steels contain nickel?
Nickel content varies widely by family. Austenitic grades such as Alloy 316L and 304 typically contain 8-14% nickel, which stabilises their austenitic structure. Duplex grades contain less, only a few percent, while ferritic and martensitic grades contain little or none. See our full stainless steel range.
What does nickel do in stainless steel?
Nickel is the main element that promotes a stable austenitic structure. It adds ductility and toughness, improves performance at both cryogenic and high temperatures, and makes the steel easier to form. Because nickel is expensive, it is also a major driver of a grade's cost.
Are there low-nickel or nickel-free options?
Yes. Ferritic stainless steels use chromium with little or no nickel and are magnetic. Duplex and super duplex grades keep nickel low by using nitrogen to balance their part-austenitic, part-ferritic structure, giving high strength and strong corrosion resistance at competitive cost. Learn more in what is super duplex material?